Literature Review: Analisis Pengaruh Health Belief Model Terhadap Perilaku Kepatuhan Pengobatan Penderita Diabetes Melitus
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Health Belief Model (HBM) terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan penderita diabetes mellitus, sebuah masalah kesehatan global yang semakin meningkat prevalensinya. Melalui studi literatur yang melibatkan database Google Scholar, Pubmed, dan Science Direct dengan kata kunci "health belief model" dan "diabetes," kriteria inklusi menitikberatkan pada artikel penelitian 2018-2023 yang terkait dengan HBM dan kepatuhan pengobatan diabetes. Hasil penelitian menyoroti lima gagasan utama: persepsi kerentanan, persepsi tingkat keparahan, persepsi manfaat, persepsi hambatan, dan persepsi isyarat untuk bertindak. Faktor-faktor tersebut ternyata memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku pencegahan dan pengobatan. Selain itu, cues to action, baik internal maupun eksternal, juga ditemukan memainkan peran penting dalam memotivasi pasien menjalani terapi. Studi-studi terkait menunjukkan bahwa penerapan konsep-konsep HBM dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dan memberikan arahan bagi manajemen diabetes yang lebih baik. Kesimpulannya, pemahaman yang mendalam terhadap konstruk HBM menjadi krusial dalam merancang intervensi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan dan manajemen diabetes mellitus.
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